SOD+NMN

CalerieLife™ β-NMN

NMN (Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) is a derivative of vitamin B3 that your body converts into Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+). NAD+ is found in all living cells and is necessary for metabolism to convert the food we eat into cellular energy. Poor aging and a number of related ailments are linked to low levels of NAD+. NMN may promote optimal aging, energy, and cognition by supporting healthy NAD+.*

CalerieLife™ SOD

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an antioxidant enzyme found inside all living cells. Known as an antioxidant-based mimetic, SOD plays an important role in the body’s defense against oxidative stress by removing reactive forms of oxygen. Because antioxidant enzyme levels naturally decline with age, older adults are more vulnerable to immune system deficiencies. CalerieHealth® SOD replenishes the body’s master defense enzyme.*

BY: CALERIEHEALTH™ NUTRITIONALIST

Without thinking about it, we take for granted the importance of the brain’s functions. This includes its ability to help form thoughts, speech, memory, extremity movement and helps organs to function properly. We shouldn’t take our brains for granted. Internally the aging process has various struggles including in the brain.

Hallmarks (distinguishing characteristics) of the aging brain involve several problems (Mattson & Arumugam, 2018). The Hallmarks include the brain’s cellular environment showing signs of increased oxidative damage to the cells’ DNA, protein and lipids. Also there is mitochondrial dysfunction and energy metabolism problems. Energy is important to build, repair, and maintain cells and body tissues. NAD+ is needed to make cellular energy.

NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is a compound found in all human cells. NAD+ is the booster to get DNA repaired and is necessary during the aging process

Emerging research has shown an association between the depletion of NAD+ and accelerated aging (Lautrup S et al, 2019). The metabolic energy needed to keep the brain healthy depends on the mitochondria and NAD+ to change glucose into energy for brain cells. Low levels of NAD+ cause problems with the conversion of glucose and reduced energy to the brain. It is interesting that there is a correlation between loss of NAD+ and mitophagy.

• Mitophagy is the breakdown of the mitochondria by autophagy.

Autophagy is when the body cleans out damaged cells to help regenerate new, healthy cells. Mitophagy can occur because of oxidative damage and stress.

When NAD+ levels are maintained it has been shown to have a positive effect on the brain (Fricker, 2018). It helps to protect neurons and helps to improve cognitive function, alertness and reduces oxidative stress (Massudi, 2012). It is oxidative damage that is involved during aging and effects biological and physiological functions (Masudi 2012).

NAD+ may promote ketone levels in the body to preserve brain health

The NAD+/NADH ratio provides the overall status of mitochondrial metabolism. NAD is involved in signaling ketones and research shows that it may increase the redox of the NAD+/NADH ratio in the brain of healthy young adults at rest.

Redox is when there is a cellular chemical reaction where the oxidation states of

atoms are changed.

Ketones are compounds that are produced when insulin levels are low and the body is unable to convert glucose into energy. The body then uses fat for energy by taking it and changing it into ketones. Therefore, ketones are an alternative fuel for the brain.

Healthy human tissue has a high ratio of free NAD+ to NADH in the cytoplasm to help promote oxidative reactions. By showing this effect in research provides a hint of the possible way nutritional ketosis might help to preserve brain health.

NAD+ can be increased by the following:

Foods like tuna, salmon and sardines are sources of NAD+ , but also there are NAD+ precursors. They help the manufacturing of NAD+ in the body and demonstrate that they have health benefits. These precursors include nicotinic acid (NA), Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), Nicotinamide riboside (NR), and nicotinamide (NAM). Precursors show that they help maintain NAD+ levels during aging and when there are health problems (Braidy N, et al, 2018).

If one has a health condition and or taking medication, they should check with their health care provider prior to taking any type of supplement.

In summary, people take for granted the importance of the brain. With aging there are different problems that occur. The hallmarks of the aging brain include increased oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and energy metabolism problems. There is potential to increase the body’s NAD+ levels with diet and supplementation.

This article is for educational purposes only and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

BY: 

CALERIEHEALTH™ NUTRITIONALIST

NAD+ is short for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as the oxidized form, found in all living cells. NAD+ is used in the metabolic pathways in the body to make energy. Although, it is the trigger for repairing DNA, which is necessary during the aging process and important for the skin. Many skin care companies are launching NAD+ products because of the potential benefits.

NAD+ is continually being studied for all types of bodily functions. It is considered to provide hope for aging and turning back the clock at the cell level of organs and tissues of the brain, heart, respiratory track and the skin. NAD+ precursors are popular.

Recently a review was performed on the scientific literature to look at the clinical benefits of supplementing with NAD supplementation to observe its effects on the skin, aging and metabolism (Radenkovic D et al, 2020). The review was promising and showed positive effects including for the skin.

NAD+ upregulation has been shown to help prevent the skin damage from continued exposure to the sun (Jacobson EL et al, 2007).

• Upregulation occurs when the number of receptors increase on the target cells, making the cells more available and sensitive to the agent.

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the body’s important protein that provides genetic instruction for life. It holds the keys to the body’s cell development and reproduction. If there are problems with DNA it effects the life of cells and the body as a whole.

In regard to the skin, when it is unprotected from Ultra Violet rays, it causes damage to occur causing reoccurring breaks in DNA. NAD+ has been shown to help repair DNA to protect the skin from serious damage and cell changes. Also, this also happens with a condition where the skin gets red and scaly and NAD+ has been shown to help with the repair of the skin’s DNA.

There is good evidence that NAD+ has different physiological functions in the body and low levels cause problems. The scientific literature shows that NAD+ deficiency has been seen in animal research, especially in aging models (Zhang M & Ying W, 2019).

NAD+ has a positive effect in the body by working in many biochemical pathways, including limiting mitochondrial changes, DNA damage, and oxidative stress. It does this by helping to control enzymes like sirtuins, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and AP endonuclease.

NAD+ is also used to promote compounds such as Sirt1. The manufacturing of NAD+ in the cells is controlled by the de novo and the salvage pathways. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the salvage pathway.

It is known that NAMPT regulates NAD+ and ATP contents, which demonstrates its role in promoting the extension of the life of cells (Hsu C-P et al, 2007).

How to increase NAD+ in the body

Research shows and suggests that increasing NAD+ is good therapeutically and provides nutritional potential (Zhang M & Ying W, 2019). Common ways to increase NAD+ levels has been with derivatives of vitamin B3 - niacin, nicotinamide riboside, nicotinamide mononucleotide, etc.

Nicotinamide is one form of vitamin B3 and is a precursor of NAD+. If vitamin B3 is low it effects NAD+ levels. It has been shown that deficiencies of B3 can cause skin problems including sun sensitivity (Fania L et al, 2019). The connection between the skin, vitamin B3 and NAD+ can be seen. When there is an NAD+ deficiency, it also leads to Ultra Violet skin sensitivity and causes problem with the DNA response to skin damage.

Other techniques to increase NAD involve strength training, upregulating enzymes such as the rate-limiting NAMPT and also preventing the breakdown of NAD, with potential bioavailable flavonoids that have been studied (Escande C et al, 2013)

As with other dietary supplements, if you have a medical condition and/or take medication check with your health care practitioner prior to taking them.

In summary, NAD+ is found in all living cells and is used in the metabolic pathways to make energy. It is important for the skin and repairing DNA to prevent damage from the sun. Vitamin B3 is an important compound to keep NAD+ levels maintained.

This article is for educational purposes only and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. It is not for advertising purposes.

BY: CALERIEHEALTH™ NUTRITIONALIST

NAD imbalance within cells has a major impact on aging.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a compound located in every living cell and is critically important for metabolism. It helps to convert food into energy within the mitochondria of cells. An imbalance in the equilibrium of cellular NAD has an impact on chromosomal telomeres leads to a faster aging process.

Why is NAD+ important? It is critically important to keep the body healthy including the heart and arteries; the brain, the lungs and bronchioles; repairing DNA and it has many other functions.

There are NAD precursors that can help to improve NAD homeostasis (balance). Research shows that NAD precursors have the ability to improve NAD homeostasis and lessen telomere damage. This is a huge step in the progress of aging research to find ways to help people enjoy life during the later years.

NAD and NADH, which is another form in the body operate as coenzymes in energy metabolism pathways like the Krebs cycle Glycolysis and others. It has been determined in research that NAD levels need to be maintained to prevent the effects of aging (Sun C et al, 2020). The salvage pathway of NAD has a major effect on NAD within cells. One way that NAD helps during the aging process is with its indirect effect on telomeres.

Telomeres are located at the end of chromosomes. They are segments of DNA nucleotides that repeat and they have a protein section that helps to protect the end of the chromosome. Telomeres begin to shorten with every cell division because it reduces its ability to completely replicate at the DNA ends. Telomeres begin to have problems functioning or lose their protection by the protein section. This causes an alert that there is DNA damage and reduces cell production to eventually senescence, which is the deterioration of cells (d’Adda di Fagagna et al, 2003).

It has been known that short telomeres help determine aging (Raguraman V, Subramaniam JR, 2016). It is an important feature for researchers to determine what is happening as one ages.

Research has shown that the length of telomeres and the loss of NAD with age shows potential causes of age and cell dysfunction, including problems with the mitochondria functioning properly (Sun C et al, 2020). The research evaluated the short telomeres and problems with telomere function on NAD metabolites.

Research has been performed looking at NAD levels and NAD/NADH ratios within primary

skin fibroblasts in patients with health conditions (Sun C et al, 2020). Skin fibroblasts are

cells found in connective tissue. It was observed that the fibroblasts of these patients had

reduced NAD levels and lower NAD/NADH ratios compared to the healthy control group.

Supplementation with the NAD precursors showed NAD balance improved, reducing the

telomere damage and defects to the mitochondria. This provides proof of the importance of

maintaining NAD levels in the body and can be helped with supplementation,

If one has a health condition, one should check with their health care provider prior to taking any type of supplement.

In summary, NAD+ is a compound found in every cell and is critically important for metabolism. It helps to convert food into energy. Imbalances in the equilibrium of cellular NAD has a major impact on telomeres that speed up the aging process. There are NAD precursors that can help to improve NAD homeostasis. This is a large step in the progress of research on aging to help increase life expectancy.

This article is for educational purposes only and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.